Dr. Mohanad Diab
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2026-03-107 min read

Written and medically reviewed by Dr. Mohanad Diab, Consultant Medical Oncologist, Mediclinic Abu Dhabi.

Bone Marrow Transplantation: What to Expect

What is Bone Marrow Transplantation?


Bone marrow transplantation (BMT), also called stem cell transplantation, is a procedure that replaces damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy stem cells. It is a critical treatment for many blood cancers and disorders.


When is BMT Needed?


BMT may be recommended for:


  • Multiple myeloma
  • Leukemia: (acute and chronic)
  • Lymphoma: (Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's)
  • Aplastic anemia
  • Myelodysplastic syndromes

    • Types of Transplants


  • Autologous: Using your own stem cells, collected before high-dose chemotherapy
  • Allogeneic: Using stem cells from a matched donor (sibling or unrelated)
  • Haploidentical: Using stem cells from a half-matched family member

    • The BMT Process


    Phase 1: Evaluation (1-2 weeks)

  • Complete health assessment
  • Heart, lung, and organ function tests
  • Blood typing and compatibility testing

    • Phase 2: Conditioning (5-10 days)

  • High-dose chemotherapy and/or radiation
  • Destroys diseased bone marrow
  • Prepares the body for new stem cells

    • Phase 3: Transplant Day (Day 0)

  • Stem cells are infused through an IV
  • The procedure is similar to a blood transfusion
  • Takes about 1-5 hours

    • Phase 4: Engraftment (2-4 weeks)

  • New stem cells travel to the bone marrow
  • Begin producing new blood cells
  • Close monitoring for complications

    • Phase 5: Recovery (months to a year)

  • Gradual immune system recovery
  • Regular follow-up appointments
  • Medication management

    • Dr. Diab's BMT Experience


    Dr. Mohanad Diab completed specialized BMT training at Radiumhemmet, the cancer centre of Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm. He applies this specialist training in his practice at Mediclinic Abu Dhabi.


    To discuss whether bone marrow transplantation is appropriate for your condition, schedule a consultation with Dr. Diab.

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